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（一）知识讲解
（一）现在进行时用法
1．状态性动词不用进行时态：
（1）be和have或者含有be 和have意义的动词。
（2）feel, sound, smell, taste等连系动词。
（3）hear, see, find等表示结果的动词。
（4）表示心理或情感状态的动词。
2．进行时态和副词always, forever等连用时，往往带有一定的感情色彩。
（二）将来时的几种表达：
|
| A | B | C | D |
| be going to | 表示“计划、打算、安排将要做的事”时，主语只能是人 | 说话人说话之前已考虑过的 | 主语是物时，表示说话人根据某种迹象主观推测可能发生的事 | 不能用于含有条件句的主句中 |
| will | 表示将要发生某事或主语的“意愿” | 说话人说话时刻才考虑到的 | 表示客观规律必然发生的 | 可用于含有条件句的主句或从句中表示“意愿” |
| be to | 表示安排、计划要做的事 | 与第二人称连用，表示转述第三者的话 | 表示命令，相当于should / must | 表示“能”、“该”、“想要”、“注定、不可避免” |
| be about to | 表示动作马上发生；句中不能再加at once, immediately和表示具体时间的词语；常有“be about to…..when”结构； | |||
还可用一般现在时、现在进行时表示将来发生的动作。
（三）现在完成时及过去完成时的用法注意点：
1．瞬间性动词与延续性动词的正确使用：与how long, for, since等表示一段时间的状语连用时须用延续性动词，如：buy→have, keep→borrow, die→be dead, marry→be married, begin→be on, begin to know→know，leave→be away，catch a cold→ have a cold等。
2．注意have / had been to与have/ had gone to的区别。
3．现在完成时用在时间、条件等状语从句中，表示从句中的动作在主句动作前完成，例如：
If it has stopped snowing in the morning, we’ll go to the park.
4．by+过去时间状语用过去完成时。
5．有些动词的过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望，这类动词为：think, plan, mean, intend, hope, expect, suppose等。例如：
I had intended to visit you yesterday, but the rain prevented me.
（四）现在/过去完成进行时的用法：
强调动作延续到说话时且还在进行，其结构：have (has) / had been doing
比较：They have repaired the road. (表示路已修好)
They have been repairing the road. （表示路还在修）
有时两者可替换：She has taught in this middle school for ten years.
She has been teaching in this school for ten years.
注意：完成进行时不可与瞬间性动词连用，如：finish, go, marry等；
（二）[基础过关]
1. Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.
A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had
答案：B
考点：本题考查时态。
解析：根据时间状语every few years,可判断本句应为一般现在时，因此答案选B。
2. The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored
答案：D
考点：本题考查被动语态。
解析：Restore意思为修复，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，答案选D.
3. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs
they before leaving their hometowns.
A. promised B. were promised C. have promised D. have been promised
答案：D
解析：现在完成时的被动语态，根据before后接的时间状语可以进行判断。
4. –Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.
--How nice! You a different culture then.
A. will be experiencing
B. have experienced
C. have been experiencing
D. will have experienced
答案：A
考点：考查将来进行时
解析：--猜猜看，我们已经得到了今年夏天去香港的短期签证。
--太棒了，你到时候将会感受到不同的文化。
5. ----Were you surprised by the ending of the film?
----No, I _______the book, so I already knew the story?
A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read
答案：B.
考点：本题考查时态用法。
解析：句意为“我看过书了，已知道这个故事”。在“knew”前已看过，故用过去完成时。
6. ----We’ve spent too much money recently.
----well, it isn’t surprising. Our friend and relatives _______around all the time
A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming
答案：D
考点：本题考查时态用法。
解析：句意为“近来我们花了太多钱了。----并不惊奇，近来朋友和亲戚总是来访。”用have been coming表示从过去到现在一直所发生的动作。
7. This coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year.
A. was named B. named C. is named D. names
答案：A
考点：考查动词时态和语态。
解析：根据主语“This coastal area”与name之间的被动关系排除B、D两项。根据句中的last year判断用一般过去时，故选A项。
8. I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone it. Was it you?
A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do
答案：B
考点：考查动词时态。
解析：该空的动作发生在was just going to cut之前，即表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时态。句意为：“我正要剪切我的蔷薇丛但（发现）有人已经将它剪切了。是你干的吗？”
9. I walked slowly through the market, where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold
答案：B
考点：考查动词时态。
解析：根据“I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed”的提示可判断此处表示“人们当时正在出售各种水果和蔬菜”，即表示过去某时正在发生的动作，故选B项。
10. I'm tired out. I all afternoon and I don't seem to have finished anything.
A. shopped B. have shopped
C. had shopped D. have been shopping
答案：D
考点：考查动词时态。
解析：句意为：“我现在很累。我整个下午一直在购物，我好像什么事都没做成似的。”由语境可判断选D项。
（三）[能力提高]
1. —Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation?
—We________ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.
A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be
答案：C
解析：考查时态题。我们去海边发生在过去，而我们忙于工作在此之前，因此用过去完成时。
2. --I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?
--Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A. hadn't made B. wouldn't make
C. don't make D. haven't made
答案：D
考点: 时态
解析：上文说没听清是几号回来。而下文则说很抱歉我没说清楚。根据句意我们只能选didn't make或者haven't made. 那落在选项中我们只能选择D。A. hadn't made过去完成时表过去的过去，不符合题意。B. wouldn't make过去将来时时态不正确。C一般现在时不正确。
3. It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they __ for me.
A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing
答案：A
考点:本题考查过去完成时和一般过去时的区别。
解析：整个句子时态用的是一般过去时，我能够表示感谢就已经是过去，而他们对我的帮助则是过去的过去。因此选A。
4. The book has been translated into thirty languages since it on the market in 1973.
A. had come B. has come C. came D. comes
答案：C
考点：考查时态。
解析： since引导的从句作状语时，主句通常用完成时，而从句用一般过去时，所以选C项。
5. The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building _______now.
A. remains B. is remained C. is remaining D. has been remained
答案：A
考点：考查时态。
解析： remain在这儿意思是“剩下，余留”，为不及物动词，整句话是对现在事实的陈述，所以用一般现在时。选 A项。
6. -----Why do you want to work for our company?
-----This is the job that I for.
A. looked B. am to look C. had looked D. have been looking
答案：D
考点：考查时态。
解析：由句意：这就是我一直寻找的工作可知用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某个时刻发生的动作一直持续到现在，并且有可能持续下去。
7．If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you fresh watermelon in the fall.
A．eat B．would eat
C．have eaten D．will be eating
答案：D
考点：本题考查条件句的时态。
解析：根据句意：如果你在春天种下西瓜种子，你会在秋天吃到新鲜的西瓜。可以判断这是真实的条件从句，会发生的事情，所以选择will be eating表将来。
8．For many years, people electric cars. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted.
A．had dreamed of B．have dreamed of C．dreamed of D．dream of
答案：B
考点：本题考查时态。
解析：根据句意：许多年来，人们都一直梦想着电动汽车。然而，制造它们比想象要难得多。由此，推断此处的梦想从过去到现在，并由此延伸。目前，市场上已经有了电动汽车，所以应用现在完成时。
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